莎士比亚的四大悲剧英文简介
莎士比亚（William Shakespeare, 1564-1616），伟大的英国文学家。在其作品中，Hamlet（ 哈姆雷特）、Othello（奥瑟罗）、King Lear（李尔王）、Macbeth （麦克白），故事均取自欧洲的历史传说。自十九世纪始，它们即被公认为是莎翁的「四大悲剧」 威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare，1564--1616）欧洲文艺复兴时期最杰出的戏剧家和诗人。对他的一切现在还都有许多疑问，在没有确证之前，我们仍然沿用大家熟知的这个被称作莎士比亚的人。他读书时就卓尔不凡，可能当过教师，对诗歌和戏剧都感兴趣，在剧院干过许多行当，大概在1590年固定于伦敦的一家剧院当演员和写剧本。莎士比亚早期的创作中已显示出他人文主义思想，对当时社会的方方面面都有自己深刻的理解。对爱情、对金钱、对人性和对社会的贫富等都有鲜明的描写。 据说，莎士比亚留下来的剧本有37部，包括历史剧、悲剧和喜剧，当然不能简单的这样划分。著名的剧本有《亨利四世》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》、《暴风雨》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》等；有大概154首十四行诗。 莎士比亚的成就有目共睹，所获得的世界性的赞誉不胜枚举，对世界文学的影响巨大，根据他的作品改编的各种文艺形式有很多很多。莎士比亚于1616年4月23日去世，而他出生在1564年的4月23日；也就在1616年4月23日这一天，隔海相望的西班牙大作家塞万提斯也去世了；而遥远的东方中国在1616年7月29日同样失去了大戏剧家汤显祖。 《哈姆雷特》Hamlet 英文简介 The King of Denmark dies suddenly, and within two months his widow, Gertrude, now Queen of Denmark, marries his brother Claudius. Hamlet, his son, fears that Claudius killed his own brother (Hamlet's father) to become king of Denmark Hamlet's friend Horatio, advises him that his father’s ghost has been seen walking at night. Hamlet then wits with Horatio the next evening to see the late King Hamlet's ghost appear at midnight. The ghost tells Hamlet privately that Claudius had him, by pouring poison in his ear. This enrages Hamlet and he begins to plots of how to revenge his father's death. He begins to act like a madman, prompting King Claudius, his wife Gertrude, and his advisor Polonius to send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to spy on Hamlet and figure out why he is acting mad. Even Ophelia, whom Hamlet was in love with, gets treated rudely, prompting Polonius to believe Hamlet is madly in love with her, though Gertrude suspects it is because of his father’s death. Polonius, a busy body who jumps to hasty conclusions, allows Laertes to go to France and had orders Ophelia not to associate with Hamlet. Hamlet convinces an acting company to reenact King Hamlet's death before Claudius, disguised as play written by Hamlet, in the hope that Claudius will confess. Though Claudius is enraged, and Hamlet’s mother tries to reason with Hamlet after the play. Polonius insisted on staying behind a curtain while she spoke with him and hears Polonius, and kills him through the curtain, thinking the person is Claudius. Hamlet regrets it when he realizes it was Polonius, and Claudius still banishes him to England, accompanied by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, who are carrying orders that the English execute Hamlet. After Hamlet leaves, Laertes returns from France, enraged over his father’s death, and is horrified to find that Ophelia has reacted to her father's death with utter madness. She eventually falls in a stream while gathering wildflowers and drowns, thus building more resentment in Laertes. Meanwhile, Hamlet finding the orders and switching them to order Rosencrantz and Guildenstern killed, returns to Denmark and is met by Horatio. Claudius is now desperate to rid himself of Hamlet, and convinces Laertes to duel Hamlet for revenge over his father. To ensure the kill, the tip of Laertes' sword is poisoned and Claudius also poisons the victory cup in case Hamlet wins. During the fight, the poisoned drink is offered to Hamlet, he declines, and instead his mother, Gertrude, drinks it over the objection of Claudius Laertes, losing to Hamlet, illegally scratches him with the poisoned sword to ensure Hamlet's death and Hamlet (unknowingly), grabs Laertes sword and cuts and poisons him. The queen is dying, and screams that she has been poisoned. Laertes, dying, admits of Claudius' treachery. Even though he is weakening fast, Hamlet fatally stabs Claudius, and Hamlet begins his death speech. Though Horatio wants to commit suicide out of sorrow, Hamlet entreats him to tell the story of King Hamlet's death and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern's deaths to so they will be avenged. . Fortinbras, the prince of Norway, arrives from conquest of England, and Hamlet's last dying wish is that Fortinbras become the new King of Denmark. 《麦克白》Macbeth 英文简介 Macbeth is one of Shakespeares greatest tragedies： a drama of crime and punishment， of temptation， guilt， remorse and retribution. The portrayals of Macbeth himself and his wife are memorably persuasive in the rendition of the psychology of ambition，rationalised treachery and eventual disillusionment. Repeatedly the rich and often sinuously complex verse gives general resonance to the particular situation， so that some of the speechesprovide enduring epitomes of states of being which many of us，intermittently， may experience. Inner division， pangs of conscience， the sense of being ambushed by events， and desperatedefiance： they are there; but so too is a vitality of expression and enactment which offsets the plays sombre atmosphere. 《李尔王》King Lear 简介 The Wordsworth Classics Shakespeare Series presents a newly-edited sequence of William Shakespeares works.The textual editing takes account of recent scholarship while giving the material a careful reappraisal.King Lear has been widely acclaimed as Shakespeares most powerful tragedy. Elemental and passionate, it encompasses the horrific and the heart-rending. Love and hate, loyalty and treachery, cruelty and self-sacrifice: all these contend in a tempestuous drama which has become an enduring classic of the worlds literature. In the theatre and on screen King Lear continues to challenge and enthral. 《奥瑟罗》Othello 英文简介 The Wordsworth Classics' Shakespeare Series,with Henty V and The Merchant of Venice as its inaugural volumes,presents a newly-edited sequence of Willian Shakespeare's works.The textual editing takes account of recet scholarship while giving the material a careful reappraisal.Othello has long been recognised as one of the most powerful of Shakespeare's tragedies. This is an intense drama of love. deception, lealousy and destruction.Desdemona's love torOthello the Moor. transcends racial prejudice: but the envious lago conspires to devastate their lives. In its vivid rendering ot racism,sexism, contested identities, and the savagery lurking within civilisation, Othello is arguably the most topical and accessible tragedy from Shakespeare's major phase as a dramatist. Productions on stage and screen regularly renew its power to engross, impress and trouble the imagination. 哈姆雷特中文简介：也被翻译成《哈姆莱特》。英文原名为“The Tragedy of Hamlet,Prince of Denmark”（丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲剧），简称Hamlet，又名王子复仇记，威廉·莎士比亚的著名悲剧之一，是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，同《麦克白》、《李尔王》[2]和《奥赛罗》一起组成莎士比亚“四大悲剧”。在《哈姆雷特》中，复仇的故事中交织着爱恨情愁。同时，哈姆雷特也是该剧主人公丹麦王子的名字。 麦克白中文简介：也被翻译成《麦克佩斯》。苏格兰国王邓肯的表弟麦克白将军，为国王平叛和抵御入侵立功归来，路遇三个女巫。女巫对他说了一些预言和隐语，说他将进爵为王，但他并无子嗣能继承王位，反而是同僚班柯将军的后代要做王。麦克白是有野心的英雄，他在夫人的怂恿下谋杀邓肯，做了国王。为掩人耳目和防止他人夺位，他一步步害死了邓肯的侍卫，害死了班柯，害死了贵族麦克德夫的妻子和小孩。恐惧和猜疑使麦克白心里越来越有鬼，也越来越冷酷。麦克白夫人神经失常而自杀，对他也是一大刺激。在众叛亲离的情况下，麦克白面对邓肯之子和他请来的英格兰援军的围攻，落得袅首的下场。 《李尔王》中文简介：也是威廉·莎士比亚四大悲剧之一，叙述了年事已高的李尔王意欲把国土分给3个女儿，口蜜腹剑的大女儿高纳里尔和二女儿里根赢其宠信而瓜分国土，期动荡不安的英国社会的面貌，也是作者对专制王权的批判和对人性的歌颂。受狡诈冷酷的女儿和阴险残暴的女婿的虐待，李尔由专横暴虐、刚愎自用的统治者，一下子变成了“流浪的叫花子般的国王”，这个过程具体地反映了文艺复兴晚期封建阶级走向衰亡的历史。葛罗斯特受到作为冒险家、阴谋家的儿子陷害后所说的“城市里有暴动，国家发生内乱，宫廷之内潜藏着逆谋；父不父，子不子，纲常伦纪完全破灭”这番话，正点出了封建主义解体、资本主义兴起的过渡时期封建伦理道德趋于崩溃，人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系替代旧的纲纪伦常的历史真实。 剧本真实地反映了广大人民的苦难。李尔王流落荒郊，饱尝暴风雨袭击的苦楚，随着地位的改变，他不由联想起成千上万无家可归的穷人。他激动地说：“衣不蔽体的不幸的人们，无论你们在什么地方，都得忍受这样无情的暴风雨的袭击，你们的头上没有片瓦遮身，你们的腹中饥肠雷动，你们的衣服千疮百孔，怎么抵挡得了这样的气候呢？”这段话真实地揭示了圈地运动中失地农民流落异乡、饥寒交迫的惨状。 剧本还通过李尔王的小女儿考狄利娅等正面形象，宣扬了人和人应该和谐真诚、应该尊重人格、应该平等相待的人文主义思想。但李尔的疯狂致死、考狄利娅的被害和葛罗斯特的流浪等结局，又为作品抹上了浓重的忧郁色调。 《奥赛罗》中文简介：《奥赛罗》是以15世纪末叶赛浦路斯岛作为舞台的。奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄梦娜相爱。但由于他是黑人，婚事未被允许。两人只好私下成婚。奥赛罗手下有一个阴险的旗官伊阿古，一心想除掉奥赛罗。他先是向元老告密，不料却促成了两人的婚事。他又挑拨奥赛罗与苔丝狄梦娜的感情，说另一名副将凯西奥与苔丝狄梦娜关系不同寻常，并伪造了所谓定情信物等。奥赛罗信以为真，在愤怒中掐死了自己的妻子。当他得知真相后，悔恨之余拔剑自刎，倒在了苔丝狄梦娜身边。
The four tragedies of Shakespeare, including" Hamlet,"" Othello"," King"," Mike white", the story is taken from the European historical legends. 莎士比亚四大悲剧，包括《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》，故事均取自欧洲的历史传说。Hamlet is referred to as Hamlet, also known as the prince's revenge, William Shakespeare's famous tragedies, is Shakespeare 's most famous plays, in" Hamlet", revenge story of love hate feeling sorrow.哈姆雷特简称Hamlet，又名王子复仇记，威廉·莎士比亚的著名悲剧之一，是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，在《哈姆雷特》中，复仇的故事中交织着爱恨情愁。Othello" is to the end of the fifteenth Century Cyprus island as the stage. The protagonist Otero is a black moor, as the Venice army commander. He was listening to his words, killing the beautiful chaste wife Daisy de Mona. To understand the truth of the matter after the intersection, remorse, finally from the knife, follow wife in spring of. 《奥赛罗》是以15世纪末叶赛浦路斯岛作为舞台的。主角奥特罗是一位黑皮肤的摩尔人，担任威尼斯军的统帅。他因听信部下的谗言，杀死了美丽忠贞的妻子黛丝德莫娜。等到明白事情的真相后，悔恨交集，终于自刀，追随爱妻于黄泉下。
《哈姆雷特》： 《哈姆雷特》是由英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚创作于1599年至1602年间的一部悲剧作品。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的遗孀乔特鲁德；哈姆雷特王子因此为父王向叔叔复仇。《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚所有戏剧中篇幅最长的一部， 也是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，具有深刻的悲剧意义、复杂的人物性格以及丰富完美的悲剧艺术手法，代表着整个西方文艺复兴时期文学的最高成就。Hamlett is a tragic work written by William Shakespeare, an English playwright, from 1599 to 1602. Drama tells the story of Uncle Claudius J murdered Hamlett's father, usurped the throne, and married the widow of King Jo Trude; Prince Hamlett so for my father to my uncle revenge."Hamlett" is one of the longest of all Shakespeare's plays, Shakespeare is the most famous play, tragedy has profound meaning, complex characters and rich artistic perfect tragedy, represents the highest achievement of the Western Renaissance literature.《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚创作的四大悲剧之一，大约于1603年所写作的。作品讲述奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄梦娜相爱。因为两人年纪相差太多，婚事未被准许。两人只好私下成婚。奥赛罗手下有一个阴险的旗官伊阿古，一心想除掉奥赛罗。他先是向元老告密，不料却促成了两人的婚事。他又挑拨奥赛罗与苔丝狄梦娜的感情，说另一名副将凯西奥与苔丝狄梦娜关系不同寻常，并伪造了所谓定情信物等。奥赛罗信以为真，在愤怒中掐死了自己的妻子。当他得知真相后，悔恨之余拔剑自刎，倒在了苔丝狄梦娜身边。Osero is one of Shakespeare's four major tragedies, written around 1603.The work tells Osero Venice of a yongjiang. He fell in love with Tess de Mona, the daughter of the elder statesman. The marriage was not granted because the two were too old. The two had to marry in private. Osero had a sinister flag officer, Iagu, bent on getting rid of Osero. He first told the old man that he had made two marriages. He also provoke the feelings of Tess de Mona and Osero, said unusual another lieutenant Cassio and Desdemona, and forged a token of love. Osero in anger for gospel truth, strangled his wife. When he learned the truth, I pulled remorse commit suicide, Tess de Mona fell to the side.《李尔王》是莎士比亚创作的戏剧，是其四大悲剧之一。故事来源于英国的一个古老传说，故事本身大约发生在8世纪左右。后在英国编成了许多戏剧，现存的戏剧除莎士比亚外，还有一个更早的无名氏作品，一般认为莎士比亚的李尔王是改编此剧而创作的。故事讲述了年事已高的国王李尔王退位后，被大女儿和二女儿赶到荒郊野外，成为法兰西皇后的三女儿率军救父，却被杀死，李尔王伤心地死在她身旁。Osero is one of Shakespeare's four major tragedies, written around 1603.The work tells Osero Venice of a yongjiang. He fell in love with Tess de Mona, the daughter of the elder statesman. The marriage was not granted because the two were too old. The two had to marry in private. Osero had a sinister flag officer, Iagu, bent on getting rid of Osero. He first told the old man that he had made two marriages. He also provoke the feelings of Tess de Mona and Osero, said unusual another lieutenant Cassio and Desdemona, and forged a token of love. Osero in anger for gospel truth, strangled his wife. When he learned the truth, I pulled remorse commit suicide, Tess de Mona fell to the side.《麦克白》是英国剧作家莎士比亚创作的戏剧，创作于1606年。被公认为是威廉·莎士比亚的“四大悲剧”之一。《麦克白》的故事，大体上是根据古英格兰史学家拉斐尔·霍林献特的《苏格兰编年史》中的古老故事改编而成。《麦克白》讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪，最后被推翻的过程。 "Macbeth" is a British playwright Shakespeare's drama creation in 1606. William Shakespeare is recognized as one of the four major tragedies. "The story is largely based on the ancient stories of ancient England historian Rafael Hollin Xian." Scotland Chronicle "in adapted. "Macbeth" tells the story of the king and queen reckless with greed greed for power, finally overthrown.
The four tragedies of Shakespeare, including" Hamlet,"" Othello"," King"," Mike white", the story is taken from the European historical legends. 莎士比亚四大悲剧，包括《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》，故事均取自欧洲的历史传说。Hamlet is referred to as Hamlet, also known as the prince's revenge, William Shakespeare's famous tragedies, is Shakespeare 's most famous plays, in" Hamlet", revenge story of love hate feeling sorrow.哈姆雷特简称Hamlet，又名王子复仇记，威廉·莎士比亚的著名悲剧之一，是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，在《哈姆雷特》中，复仇的故事中交织着爱恨情愁。Othello" is to the end of the fifteenth Century Cyprus island as the stage. The protagonist Otero is a black moor, as the Venice army commander. He was listening to his words, killing the beautiful chaste wife Daisy de Mona. To understand the truth of the matter after the intersection, remorse, finally from the knife, follow wife in spring of. 《奥赛罗》是以15世纪末叶赛浦路斯岛作为舞台的。主角奥特罗是一位黑皮肤的摩尔人，担任威尼斯军的统帅。他因听信部下的谗言，杀死了美丽忠贞的妻子黛丝德莫娜。等到明白事情的真相后，悔恨交集，终于自刀，追随爱妻于黄泉下。
《哈姆雷特》： 《哈姆雷特》是由英国剧作家威廉·莎士比亚创作于1599年至1602年间的一部悲剧作品。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的遗孀乔特鲁德；哈姆雷特王子因此为父王向叔叔复仇。《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚所有戏剧中篇幅最长的一部， 也是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，具有深刻的悲剧意义、复杂的人物性格以及丰富完美的悲剧艺术手法，代表着整个西方文艺复兴时期文学的最高成就。Hamlett is a tragic work written by William Shakespeare, an English playwright, from 1599 to 1602. Drama tells the story of Uncle Claudius J murdered Hamlett's father, usurped the throne, and married the widow of King Jo Trude; Prince Hamlett so for my father to my uncle revenge."Hamlett" is one of the longest of all Shakespeare's plays, Shakespeare is the most famous play, tragedy has profound meaning, complex characters and rich artistic perfect tragedy, represents the highest achievement of the Western Renaissance literature.《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚创作的四大悲剧之一，大约于1603年所写作的。作品讲述奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄梦娜相爱。因为两人年纪相差太多，婚事未被准许。两人只好私下成婚。奥赛罗手下有一个阴险的旗官伊阿古，一心想除掉奥赛罗。他先是向元老告密，不料却促成了两人的婚事。他又挑拨奥赛罗与苔丝狄梦娜的感情，说另一名副将凯西奥与苔丝狄梦娜关系不同寻常，并伪造了所谓定情信物等。奥赛罗信以为真，在愤怒中掐死了自己的妻子。当他得知真相后，悔恨之余拔剑自刎，倒在了苔丝狄梦娜身边。Osero is one of Shakespeare's four major tragedies, written around 1603.The work tells Osero Venice of a yongjiang. He fell in love with Tess de Mona, the daughter of the elder statesman. The marriage was not granted because the two were too old. The two had to marry in private. Osero had a sinister flag officer, Iagu, bent on getting rid of Osero. He first told the old man that he had made two marriages. He also provoke the feelings of Tess de Mona and Osero, said unusual another lieutenant Cassio and Desdemona, and forged a token of love. Osero in anger for gospel truth, strangled his wife. When he learned the truth, I pulled remorse commit suicide, Tess de Mona fell to the side.《李尔王》是莎士比亚创作的戏剧，是其四大悲剧之一。故事来源于英国的一个古老传说，故事本身大约发生在8世纪左右。后在英国编成了许多戏剧，现存的戏剧除莎士比亚外，还有一个更早的无名氏作品，一般认为莎士比亚的李尔王是改编此剧而创作的。故事讲述了年事已高的国王李尔王退位后，被大女儿和二女儿赶到荒郊野外，成为法兰西皇后的三女儿率军救父，却被杀死，李尔王伤心地死在她身旁。Osero is one of Shakespeare's four major tragedies, written around 1603.The work tells Osero Venice of a yongjiang. He fell in love with Tess de Mona, the daughter of the elder statesman. The marriage was not granted because the two were too old. The two had to marry in private. Osero had a sinister flag officer, Iagu, bent on getting rid of Osero. He first told the old man that he had made two marriages. He also provoke the feelings of Tess de Mona and Osero, said unusual another lieutenant Cassio and Desdemona, and forged a token of love. Osero in anger for gospel truth, strangled his wife. When he learned the truth, I pulled remorse commit suicide, Tess de Mona fell to the side.《麦克白》是英国剧作家莎士比亚创作的戏剧，创作于1606年。被公认为是威廉·莎士比亚的“四大悲剧”之一。《麦克白》的故事，大体上是根据古英格兰史学家拉斐尔·霍林献特的《苏格兰编年史》中的古老故事改编而成。《麦克白》讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪，最后被推翻的过程。 "Macbeth" is a British playwright Shakespeare's drama creation in 1606. William Shakespeare is recognized as one of the four major tragedies. "The story is largely based on the ancient stories of ancient England historian Rafael Hollin Xian." Scotland Chronicle "in adapted. "Macbeth" tells the story of the king and queen reckless with greed greed for power, finally overthrown.
莎士比亚的四大悲剧与四大喜剧的英文翻译是什么？
莎士比亚的四大悲剧与四大喜剧的英文翻译是： 四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》） 作品介绍： 《威尼斯商人》 写青年商人安东尼奥为帮助朋友巴萨尼奥向名门闺秀鲍西娅求婚，向高利贷商人夏洛克借钱。因货船触礁无法如期还债。夏洛克嫉恨安东妮奥，坚持要按借约从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉。鲍西娅化装成律师出庭辩护，粉碎了夏洛克企图以法律名义行凶报复的阴谋。 《仲夏夜之梦》 是威廉·莎士比亚青春时代最后一部也是最为成熟的喜剧作品，同时也是威廉·莎士比亚最著名的喜剧之一。整部戏剧情调轻松，总的来说就是一个“乱点鸳鸯谱”的故事。剧中有穿插了小闹剧当作笑料，即众工匠为婚礼所排的“风马牛不相及”的喜剧以及排戏经过。 《皆大欢喜》 讲述被放逐的公爵的女儿罗瑟琳与受到长兄奥列佛虐待的奥兰多相爱。不久罗瑟琳受到叔父、篡位者弗莱德里克的放逐，女扮男装逃亡到亚登森林，与奥兰多不期而遇。以此为主线，穿插了奥兰多以德报怨，拯救了兄长，使其天良发现，并与西莉娅产生爱情。弗莱德里克受隐士点拨，翻然悔悟，归还权位等故事。最终共有四对恋人喜结良缘，皆大欢喜。 《第十二夜》 写孪生兄妹西巴斯辛和薇奥拉遇海难失散。薇奥拉爱上了公爵奥西诺，女扮男装给他当侍童。但公爵却爱着伯爵小姐奥丽维娅。可奥丽维娅反而爱上了代替公爵向自己求爱的薇奥拉。经过一番有趣的波折之后，薇奥拉与奥西诺，奥丽维娅与西巴斯辛双双结成良缘。 《哈姆雷特》 哈姆雷特，英文原名为“The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark”（丹麦王子哈姆雷特的悲剧），简称Hamlet，又名王子复仇记，威廉·莎士比亚的著名悲剧之一，是莎士比亚最负盛名的剧本，同《麦克白》、《李尔王》和《奥赛罗》一起组成莎士比亚“四大悲剧”。在《哈姆雷特》中，复仇的故事中交织着爱恨情愁。同时，哈姆雷特也是该剧主人公丹麦王子的名字。 《奥赛罗》 《奥赛罗》是以15世纪末叶赛浦路斯岛作为舞台的。主角奥特罗是一位黑皮肤的摩尔人，担任威尼斯军的统帅。他因听信部下的谗言，杀死了美丽忠贞的妻子黛丝德莫娜。等到明白事情的真相后，悔恨交集，终于自刀，追随爱妻于黄泉下。 《李尔王》 《李尔王》真实地反映了资本主义世界资本原始积累时期动荡不安的英国社会的面貌，也是作者对专制王权的批判和对人性的歌颂。受狡诈冷酷的女儿和阴险残暴的女婿的虐待，李尔由专横暴虐、刚愎自用的统治者，一下子变成了“流浪的叫花子般的国王”，这个过程具体地反映了文艺复兴晚期封建阶级走向衰亡的历史。 葛罗斯特受到作为冒险家、阴谋家的儿子陷害后所说的“城市里有暴动，国家发生内乱，宫廷之内潜藏着逆谋；父不父，子不子，纲常伦纪完全破灭”这番话，正点出了封建主义解体、资本主义兴起的过渡时期封建伦理道德趋于崩溃，人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系替代旧的纲纪伦常的历史真实。 《麦克白》 《麦克白》（1605）是莎士比亚戏剧中心理描写的佳作。全剧弥漫着一种阴鸷可怕的气氛。莎士比亚通过对曾经屡建奇勋的英雄麦克白变成一个残忍暴君的过程的描述，批判了野心对良知的侵蚀作用。由于女巫的蛊惑和夫人的影响，不乏善良本性的麦克白想干一番大事业的雄心蜕变成野心，而野心实现又导致了一连串新的犯罪，结果是倒行逆施，必然死亡。 在迷信、罪恶、恐怖的氛围里，作者不时让他笔下的罪人深思、反省、剖析内心，麦克白夫妇弑君前后的心理变化显得层次分明，这就更加增大了悲剧的深度。
莎士比亚的四大悲剧与四大喜剧的英文翻译是： 四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》） 威廉·莎士比亚的早期作品主要在1590—1600年间上演，当时伊丽莎白一世的中央主权尚属巩固，王室跟工商业者及新贵族的暂时联盟尚在发展，1588年打败西班牙“无敌舰队”后英国国势大振。这时期所写的历史剧和喜剧都表现出明朗、乐观的风格。 威廉·莎士比亚的中期作品主要在1601—1607年间上演，当时英国农村圈地运动加速进行，王权和资产阶级及新贵族的暂时联盟正在瓦解，社会矛盾深化，政治经济形势日益恶化。詹姆士一世继位后的挥霍无度和倒行逆施，更使人民痛苦加剧，反抗迭起。作者的创作风格变为阴郁悲愤，揭露批判社会的种种罪恶和黑暗。 威廉·莎士比亚的晚期作品主要在1608—1612年间上演，当时，詹姆士一世王朝更加腐败，社会矛盾更加尖锐。作者的创作风格也表现为浪漫空幻。 以上内容参考：百度百科-莎士比亚
莎士比亚的四大悲剧： Hamlet（ 哈姆雷特）Othello（奥瑟罗）King Lear（李尔王）Macbeth（马克白）莎士比亚的四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》》 A Midsummer Night's Dream《皆大欢喜》As you like it《第十二夜》Twelfth Night 《威尼斯商人》The merchant of Venice
《奥赛罗》：作品讲述奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄蒙娜相爱。因为两人年纪相差太多，婚事未被准许。两人只好私下成婚，以及后来奥赛罗杀死自己妻子的故事。《哈姆雷特》：讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了男主哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的妻子，哈姆雷特因此为父亲向叔叔复仇的故事。 《李尔王》：讲述了年事已高的国王李尔王退位后，被大女儿和二女儿赶到荒郊野外，成为法兰西皇后的三女儿率军救父，却被杀死，李尔王伤心地死在她身旁。《麦克白》：讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪，最后被推翻的过程。 《威尼斯商人》：剧本的主题是歌颂仁爱、友谊和爱情，同时也反映了资本主义早期商业资产阶级与高利贷者之间的矛盾，表现了作者对资产阶级社会中金钱、法律和宗教等问题的人文主义思想。《仲夏夜之梦》：《仲夏夜之梦》是一部富有浪漫色彩的喜剧，讲述了一个有情人终成眷属的爱情故事。 《皆大欢喜》：描述被流放的公爵的女儿罗瑟琳到森林寻父和她的爱情故事。《皆大欢喜》表明剧中受迫害的好人全都得到好报，恶人受到感化，有情人双双喜结良缘。《第十二夜》：塞巴斯蒂安和薇奥拉这一对孪生兄妹，在一次海上航行途中不幸遇难，他们俩各自侥幸脱险，流落到伊利里亚以后发生的一系列故事。
四大悲剧 哈姆雷特Hamlet奥赛罗Othello李尔王King Lear麦克白Macbeth 四大喜剧威尼斯商人The merchant of Venice仲夏夜之梦Midsummer night's dream皆大欢喜happy 第十二夜Twelfth night
莎士比亚的四大悲剧与四大喜剧的英文翻译是： 四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》） 威廉·莎士比亚的早期作品主要在1590—1600年间上演，当时伊丽莎白一世的中央主权尚属巩固，王室跟工商业者及新贵族的暂时联盟尚在发展，1588年打败西班牙“无敌舰队”后英国国势大振。这时期所写的历史剧和喜剧都表现出明朗、乐观的风格。 威廉·莎士比亚的中期作品主要在1601—1607年间上演，当时英国农村圈地运动加速进行，王权和资产阶级及新贵族的暂时联盟正在瓦解，社会矛盾深化，政治经济形势日益恶化。詹姆士一世继位后的挥霍无度和倒行逆施，更使人民痛苦加剧，反抗迭起。作者的创作风格变为阴郁悲愤，揭露批判社会的种种罪恶和黑暗。 威廉·莎士比亚的晚期作品主要在1608—1612年间上演，当时，詹姆士一世王朝更加腐败，社会矛盾更加尖锐。作者的创作风格也表现为浪漫空幻。 以上内容参考：百度百科-莎士比亚
莎士比亚的四大悲剧： Hamlet（ 哈姆雷特）Othello（奥瑟罗）King Lear（李尔王）Macbeth（马克白）莎士比亚的四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》》 A Midsummer Night's Dream《皆大欢喜》As you like it《第十二夜》Twelfth Night 《威尼斯商人》The merchant of Venice
《奥赛罗》：作品讲述奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄蒙娜相爱。因为两人年纪相差太多，婚事未被准许。两人只好私下成婚，以及后来奥赛罗杀死自己妻子的故事。《哈姆雷特》：讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了男主哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的妻子，哈姆雷特因此为父亲向叔叔复仇的故事。 《李尔王》：讲述了年事已高的国王李尔王退位后，被大女儿和二女儿赶到荒郊野外，成为法兰西皇后的三女儿率军救父，却被杀死，李尔王伤心地死在她身旁。《麦克白》：讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪，最后被推翻的过程。 《威尼斯商人》：剧本的主题是歌颂仁爱、友谊和爱情，同时也反映了资本主义早期商业资产阶级与高利贷者之间的矛盾，表现了作者对资产阶级社会中金钱、法律和宗教等问题的人文主义思想。《仲夏夜之梦》：《仲夏夜之梦》是一部富有浪漫色彩的喜剧，讲述了一个有情人终成眷属的爱情故事。 《皆大欢喜》：描述被流放的公爵的女儿罗瑟琳到森林寻父和她的爱情故事。《皆大欢喜》表明剧中受迫害的好人全都得到好报，恶人受到感化，有情人双双喜结良缘。《第十二夜》：塞巴斯蒂安和薇奥拉这一对孪生兄妹，在一次海上航行途中不幸遇难，他们俩各自侥幸脱险，流落到伊利里亚以后发生的一系列故事。
四大悲剧 哈姆雷特Hamlet奥赛罗Othello李尔王King Lear麦克白Macbeth 四大喜剧威尼斯商人The merchant of Venice仲夏夜之梦Midsummer night's dream皆大欢喜happy 第十二夜Twelfth night
莎士比亚的四大悲剧和四大喜剧英文名是什么？
莎士比亚的四大悲剧和四大喜剧英文名是： 四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》） 四大喜剧简介 《仲夏夜之梦》是莎士比亚青春时期的作品，整部作品充满着热情与爱，讲述了一对情人在经历一件件故事后终成眷属的故事。极大影响了当时的文学界，后世将其以多种形式改变，并流传下来。 《皆大欢喜》的开端主人公的爱恨情仇交织缠绕，本以为是错综复杂难以排解，但却在各种机缘巧合下四对恋人喜结良缘，故事用善良战胜了邪恶，最后结局皆大欢喜。 《第十二夜》是莎士比亚的最后一部喜剧，以温柔的剧情和浪漫的文字，向世人赞美着爱情和友情，表现着诗人对美好生活的向往，全剧讴歌着爱与友情，值得学习。 《威尼斯商人》是一部具有讥讽效应的喜剧作品，主人公夏洛克代表了那一时期唯利是图的高利贷者形象，通过他与早期资本主义资产阶级的矛盾，表现了作者处在资产阶级社会对人文主义的思考。
不得不说，每次读原著的时候都会感触颇深，作者用他不辍的笔尖为我们留下了很多文化瑰宝，无论从写作手法还是现实社会体会，都足以让人深刻。表现了他个性解放的思想。 四大喜剧： The Merchant of venice《威尼斯商人》A Midsummer Night's Dream《仲夏夜之梦》As You Like It《皆大欢喜》Twelfth night《第十二夜》 四大悲剧： The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark，也有简称为Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Othello,The Moor of Venice《奥赛罗》、King Lear《李尔王》、Macbeth《麦克白》 文摘节选： This above all: to thine self be true.最重要的是，你必须对自己忠实。——莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》Brevity is the soul of wit. 简洁是智慧的灵魂，冗长是肤浅的藻饰。——莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》Sweet are the uses of adversity.逆境和厄运自有妙处。——莎士比亚《皆大欢喜》Fair is foul, and foul is fair.美即是丑，丑即是美。——莎士比亚《麦克白》
四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》）
莎士比亚的 四大悲剧：《李尔王》 《King Lear》《哈姆雷特》 《Hamlet》《麦克白》 《Macbeth》《奥赛罗》 《Othello》四大喜剧是：《仲夏夜之梦》 A Midsummer Night's Dream《皆大欢喜》As you like it《第十二夜》Twelfth Night 《威尼斯商人》The merchant of Venice
不得不说，每次读原著的时候都会感触颇深，作者用他不辍的笔尖为我们留下了很多文化瑰宝，无论从写作手法还是现实社会体会，都足以让人深刻。表现了他个性解放的思想。 四大喜剧： The Merchant of venice《威尼斯商人》A Midsummer Night's Dream《仲夏夜之梦》As You Like It《皆大欢喜》Twelfth night《第十二夜》 四大悲剧： The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark，也有简称为Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Othello,The Moor of Venice《奥赛罗》、King Lear《李尔王》、Macbeth《麦克白》 文摘节选： This above all: to thine self be true.最重要的是，你必须对自己忠实。——莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》Brevity is the soul of wit. 简洁是智慧的灵魂，冗长是肤浅的藻饰。——莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》Sweet are the uses of adversity.逆境和厄运自有妙处。——莎士比亚《皆大欢喜》Fair is foul, and foul is fair.美即是丑，丑即是美。——莎士比亚《麦克白》
四大喜剧：The Merchant of venice（《威尼斯商人》）、A Midsummer Night's Dream（《仲夏夜之梦》）、As You Like It（《皆大欢喜》）、Twelfth night（《第十二夜》）。 四大悲剧：The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark（简称Hamlet《哈姆雷特》）、Othello,The Moor of Venice（《奥赛罗》）、King Lear（《李尔王》）、Macbeth（《麦克白》）
莎士比亚的 四大悲剧：《李尔王》 《King Lear》《哈姆雷特》 《Hamlet》《麦克白》 《Macbeth》《奥赛罗》 《Othello》四大喜剧是：《仲夏夜之梦》 A Midsummer Night's Dream《皆大欢喜》As you like it《第十二夜》Twelfth Night 《威尼斯商人》The merchant of Venice
莎士比亚简介（英文版）
简介： William Shakespeare (1564-1616), the foremost writer, prominent dramatist and poet in the European Renaissance. He created a large number of popular literary works, occupies a special position in the history of European literature, has been hailed as "Olympus Zeus in human literature." He is also known as the four great tragedies of ancient Greece, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. 威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare，1564－1616年），欧洲文艺复兴时期英国最重要的作家，杰出的戏剧家和诗人。他创作了大量脍炙人口的文学作品，在欧洲文学史上占有特殊的地位，被喻为“人类文学奥林匹斯山上的宙斯”。 他亦跟古希腊三大悲剧家埃斯库罗斯（Aeschylus）、索福克里斯（Sophocles）及欧里庇得斯（Euripides），合称为戏剧史上四大悲剧家。 趣闻：莎士比亚的女儿不识字 Two of the three Shakespeare children survived, namely Susannah and Judith. Sister looks barely able to sign their name, but Judith really can only use the pen as a marker painted painting. At that time, however, literacy skills were applied to specialized areas such as trade and most of them were male and female. Shakespeare's age does not value women's level of knowledge. 莎翁夫妇的三个孩子中，两个活了下来，也就是Susannah和Judith。大姐貌似可以勉强签下自己的名字，但 Judith 真的只能拿笔做做标记涂涂画画了。但在那个时期，读写能力是项运用于特定贸易等专业领域的技术，大多数传男不传女。莎士比亚的年代并不重视女性的知识水平。 作品梗概：《哈姆雷特》 Danish prince Hamlet suddenly took his father's death message while attending the University of Wuedenburg in Germany. After returning to his motherland, he encountered successively the succession of his uncle Claudius and the series of incidents that his uncle and mother, Jottulud, got rushed to marry one month after their father's funeral. This makes Hamlet full of doubts and dissatisfaction. Immediately after Horatio and Bonnetton stood there, the ghost of his father Hamlet was revealed, stating that he had been poisoned by Claudius and asked Hamlet to avenge himself. Subsequently, Hamlet use crazy to cover themselves and through the "play in the game" confirmed his uncle is indeed killing the enemy. Claudius tried to get rid of Hamlet by the King by mistakenly killing the beloved Ophelia's father, Polonnes, but Hamlet escaped to Denmark but learned that Ophelia committed suicide and had to accept it Duel with his brother Leo Tertis. Hamlet's mother, Jottulud, ducked in for poisoning Claudius for poisoned alcohol prepared by Hamlet, and both Hamlet and Leometis were among the poisoned swords, knowing that the poisoned Hamlet was killed before his death Claudius dies and exhorts a friend Horatio to tell his story later. 丹麦王子哈姆雷特在德国威登堡大学就读时突然接到父亲的死讯，回国奔丧时接连遇到了叔父克劳狄斯即位和叔父与母亲乔特鲁德在父亲葬礼后一个月匆忙结婚的一连串事变，这使哈姆雷特充满了疑惑和不满。紧接着，在霍拉旭和勃那多站岗时出现了父亲老哈姆雷特的鬼魂，说明自己是被克劳狄斯毒死并要求哈姆雷特为自己复仇。随后，哈姆雷特利用装疯掩护自己并通过"戏中戏"证实了自己的叔父的确是杀父仇人。由于错误地杀死了心爱的奥菲莉亚的父亲波罗涅斯，克劳狄斯试图借英王手除掉哈姆雷特，但哈姆雷特趁机逃回丹麦，却得知奥菲莉亚自杀并不得不接受了与其兄雷欧提斯的决斗。决斗中哈姆雷特的母亲乔特鲁德因误喝克劳狄斯为哈姆雷特准备的毒酒而中毒死去，哈姆雷特和雷欧提斯也双双中了毒剑，得知中毒原委的哈姆雷特在临死前杀死了克劳狄斯并嘱托朋友霍拉旭将自己的故事告诉后来人。
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616), English poet, player and playwright, was baptized in the parish church of Stratford upon-Avon in Warwickshire on the 26th of April 1564. The exact date of his birth is not known. Two. 18th-century antiquaries, William Oldys and Joseph Greene, gave it as April 23, but without quoting authority for their statements, and the fact that April 23 was the day of Shakespeare's death in 1616 suggests a possible source of error. In any case his birthday cannot have been later than April 23, since the inscription upon his monument is evidence that on April 23, 1616, he had already begun his fifty-third year. His father, John Shakespeare, was a burgess of the recently constituted corporation of Stratford, and had already filled certain minor municipal offices. From 1561 to 1563 he had been one of the two chamberlains to whom the finance of the town was entrusted. By occupation he was a glover, but he also appears to have dealt from time to time in various kinds of agricultural produce, such as barley, timber and wool. Aubrey (Lives, 1680) spoke of him as a butcher, and it is quite possible that he bred and even killed the calves whose skins he manipulated. He is sometimes described in formal documents as a yeoman, and it is highly probable that he combined a certain amount of farming with the practice of his trade. He was living in Stratford as early as 1552, in which year he was fined for having a dunghill in Henley Street, but he does not appear to have been a native of the town, in whose records the name is not found before his time; and he may reasonably be identified with the John Shakespeare of Snitterfield, who administered the goods of his father, Richard Shakespeare, in 1561. Snitterfield is a village in the immediate neighbourhood of Stratford, and here Richard Shakespeare had been settled as a farmer since 1529. It is possible that John Shakespeare carried on the farm for some time after his father's death, and that by 1570 he had also acquired a small holding called Ingon in Hampton Lucy, the next village to Snitterfield. But both of these seem to have passed subsequently to his brother Henry, who was buried at Snitterfield in 1596. There was also at Snitterfield a Thomas Shakespeare and an Anthony Shakespeare, who afterwards moved to Hampton Corley; and these may have been of the same family. A John Shakespeare, who dwelt at Clifford Chambers, another village close to Stratford, is clearly distinct. Strenuous efforts have been made to trace Shakespeare's genealogy beyond Richard of Snitterfield, but so far without success. Certain drafts of heraldic exemplifications of the Shakespeare arms speak, in one case of John Shakespeare's grandfather, in another of his great-grandfather, as having been rewarded with lands and tenements in Warwickshire for service to Henry VII. No such grants, however, have been traced, and even in the 16th-century statements as to " antiquity and service " in heraldic preambles were looked upon with suspicion. The name Shakespeare is extremely widespread, and is spelt in an astonishing variety of ways. That of John Shakespeare occurs 166 times in the Council Book of the Stratford corporation, and appears to take 16 different forms. The verdict, not altogether unanimous, of competent palaeographers is to the effect that Shakespeare himself, in the extant examples of his signature, always wrote " Shakspere." In the printed signatures to the dedications of his poems, on the title-pages of nearly all the contemporary editions of his plays that bear his name, and in many formal documents it appears as Shakespeare. This may be in part due to the martial derivation which the poet's literary contemporaries were fond of assigning to his name, and which is acknowledged in the arms that he bore. The forms in use at Stratford, however, such as Shaxpeare, by far the commonest, suggest a short pronunciation of the first syllable, and thus tend to support Dr Henry Bradley's derivation from the Anglo-Saxon personal name, Seaxberht. It is interesting, and even amusing, to record that in 1487 Hugh Shakspere of Merton College, Oxford, changed his name to Sawndare, because his former name vile reputatum est. The earliest record of a Shakespeare that has yet been traced is in 12 4 8 at Clapton in Gloucestershire, about seven miles from Stratford. The name also occurs during the 13th century in Kent, Essex and Surrey, and during the 14th in Cumberland, Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Essex, Warwickshire and as far away as Youghal in Ireland. Thereafter it is found in London and most of the English counties, particularly those of the midlands; and nowhere more freely than in Warwickshire. There were Shakespeares in Warwick and in Coventry, as well as around Stratford; and the clan appears to have been very numerous in a group of villages about twelve miles north of Stratford, which includes Baddesley Clinton, Wroxall, Rowington, Haseley, Hatton, Lapworth, Packwood, Balsall and Knowle. William was in common use as a personal name, and Williams from more than one other family have from time to time been confounded with the dramatist. Many Shakespeares are upon the register of the gild of St Anne at Knowle from about 1457 to about 1526. Amongst these were Isabella Shakespeare, prioress of the Benedictine convent of Wroxall, and Jane Shakespeare, a nun of the same convent. Shakespeares are also found as tenants on the manors belonging to the convent, and at the time of the Dissolution in 1534 one Richard Shakespeare was its bailiff and collector of rents. Conjectural attempts have been made on the one hand to connect the ancestors of this Richard Shakespeare with a family of the same name who held land by military tenure at Baddesley Clinton in the 14th and 15th centuries, and on the other to identify him with the poet's grandfather, Richard Shakespeare of Snitterfield. But Shakespeares are to be traced at Wroxall nearly as far back as at Baddesley Clinton, and there is no reason to suppose that Richard the bailiff, who was certainly still a tenant of Wroxall in 1556, had also since 1529 been farming land ten miles off at Snitterfield. With the breaking of this link, the hope of giving Shakespeare anything more than a grandfather on the father's side must be laid aside for the present. On the mother's side he was connected with a family of some distinction. Part at least of Richard Shakespeare's land at Snitterfield was held from Robert Arden of Wilmcote in the adjoining parish of Aston Cantlow, a cadet of the Ardens of Parkhall, who counted amongst the leading gentry of Warwickshire. Robert Arden married his second wife, Agnes Hill, formerly Webbe, in 1548, and had then no less than eight daughters by his first wife. To the youngest of these, Mary Arden, he left in 1556 a freehold in Aston Cantlow consisting of a farm of about fifty or sixty acres in extent, known as Asbies. At some date later than November 1556, and probably before the end of 1557, Mary Arden became the wife of John Shakespeare. In October 1556 John Shakespeare had bought two freehold houses, one in Greenhill Street, the other in Henley Street. The latter, known as the wool shop, was the easternmost of the two tenements now combined in the so-called Shakespeare's birthplace. The western tenement, the birthplace proper, was probably already in John Shakespeare's hands, as he seems to have been living in Henley Street in 1552. It has sometimes been thought to have been one of two houses which formed a later purchase in 1575, but there is no evidence that these were in Henley Street at all. William Shakespeare was not the first child. A Joan was baptized in 1558 and a Margaret in 1562. The latter was buried in 1563 and the former must also have died young, although her burial is not recorded, as a second Joan was baptized in 1569. A Gilbert was baptized in 1566, an Anne in 1571, a Richard in 1 574 and an Edmund in 1580. Anne died in 1579; Edmund, who like his brother became an actor, in 2607; Richard in 1613. Tradition has it that one of Shakespeare's brothers used to visit London in the 17th century as quite an old man. If so, this can only have been Gilbert. During the years that followed his marriage, John Shakespeare became prominent in Stratford life. In 1565 he was chosen as an alderman, and in 1568 he held the chief municipal office, that of high bailiff. This carried with it the dignity of justice of the peace. John Shakespeare seems to have assumed arms, and thenceforward was always entered in corporation documents as " Mr " Shakespeare, whereby he may be distinguished from another John Shakespeare, a " corviser " or shoemaker, who dwelt in Stratford about 1584-1592. In 1571 as an ex-bailiff he began another year of office as chief alderman. One may think, therefore, of Shakespeare in his boyhood as the son of one of the leading citizens of a not unimportant. provincial market-town, with a vigorous life of its own, which in spite of the dunghills was probably not much unlike the life of a similar town to-day, and with constant reminders of its past in the shape of the stately buildings formerly belonging to its college and its gild, both of which had been suppressed at the Reformation. Stratford stands on the Avon, in the midst of an agricultural country, throughout which in those days enclosed orchards and meadows alternated with open fields for tillage, and not far from the wilder and wooded district known as the Forest of Arden. The middle ages had left it an heritage in the shape of a free grammar-school, and here it is natural to suppose that William Shakespeare obtained a sound enough education,' with a working knowledge of " Mantuan "2 and Ovid in the original, even though to such a thorough scholar as Ben Jonson it might seem no more than " small Latin and less Greek." In 1577, when Shakespeare was about thirteen, his father's fortunes began to take a turn for the worse. He became irregular in his contributions to town levies, and had to give a mortgage on his wife's property of Asbies as security for a loan from her brother-in-law, Edmund Lambert. Money was raised to pay this off, partly by the sale of a small interest in land at Snitterfield which had come to Mary Shakespeare from her sisters, partly perhaps by that of the Greenhill Street house and other property in Stratford outside Henley Street, none of which seems to have ever come into William Shakespeare's hands. Lambert, however, refused to surrender the mortgage on the plea of older debts, and an attempt to recover Asbies by litigation proved ineffectual. John Shakespeare's difficulties increased. An action for debt was sustained against him in the local court, but no personal property could be found on which to distrain. He had long ceased to attend the meetings of the corporation, and as a consequence he was removed in 1586 from the list of aldermen. In this state of domestic affairs it is not likely that Shakespeare's school life was unduly prolonged. The chances are that he was apprenticed to some local trade. Aubrey says that he killed calves for his father, and " would do it in a high style, and make a speech." Whatever his circumstances, they did not deter him at the early age of eighteen from the adventure of marriage. Rowe. recorded the name of Shakespeare's wife as Hathaway, and Joseph Greene succeeded in tracing her to a family of that name dwelling in Shottery, one of the hamlets of Stratford. Her monument gives her first name as Anne, and her age as sixty-seven in 1623. She must, therefore, have been about eight years older than Shakespeare. Various small trains of evidence point to her identification with the daughter Agnes mentioned in the will of a Richard Hathaway of Shottery, who died in 1581, being then in possession of the farm-house now known as " Anne Hathaway's Cottage." Agnes was legally a distinct name from Anne, but there can be no doubt that ordinary custom treated them as identical. The principal record of the It is worth noting that Walter Roche, who in 1558 became fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, was master of the school in 1570-1572, so that its standard must have been good.
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, a small country town. Stratford was famous for its malting. The black plague killed in 1564 one out of seven of the town's 1,500 inhabitants. Shakespeare was the eldest son of Mary Arden, the daughter of a local landowner, and her husband, John Shakespeare (c. 1530-1601), a glover and wood dealer. John Aubrey (1626-1697) tells in Brief Lives that Shakespeare's father was a butcher and the young William exercised his father's trade, "but when he kill'd a Calfe he would do it in a high style, and make a speech." In 1568 John Shakespeare was made a mayor of Stratford and a justice of peace. His wool business failed in the 1570s, and in 1580 he was fined �0�540, with other 140 men, for failing to find surety to keep the peace. There is not record that his fine was paid. Later the church commissioners reported of him and eight other men that they had failed to attend church "for fear of process for debt". The family's position was restored in the 1590s by earnings of William Shakespeare, and in 1596 he was awarded a coat of arms. Very little is known about Shakespeare early life, and his later works have inspired a number of interpretations. T.S. Eliot wrote that "I would suggest that none of the plays of Shakespeare has a "meaning," although it would be equally false to say that a play of Shakespeare is meaningless." (from Selected Essays, new edition, 1960). Shakespeare is assumed to have been educated at Stratford Grammar School, and he may have spent the years 1580-82 as a teacher for the Roman Catholic Houghton family in Lancashire. When Shakespeare was 15, a woman from a nearby village drowned in the Avon. Her death was ruled accidental but it may have been a suicide. Later in Hamlet Shakespeare left open the question whether Ophelia died accidentally or by her own hand. At the age of 18, Shakespeare married a local girl, Anne Hathaway (died 1623), who was eight years older. Their first child, Susannah, was born within six months, and twins Hamnet and Judith were born in 1585. Hamnet, Shakespeare's only son, died in 1596, at the age of 11. It has often been suggested, that the lines in King John, beginning with "Grief fills the room of my absent child", reflects Shakespeare's grief.
William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616)[a] was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.[1] He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".[2][b] His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays,[c] 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.[3] Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.[4] Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613.[5][d] His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. In 1623, two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now recognised as Shakespeare's. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry".[6] In the twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.
life's but a walking shadow,a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage,and then is heard no more; it is tale told by an idiot,full of sound and fury,signifying nothing. 人生不过是一个行走的影子，一个在舞台上指手划脚的笨拙的怜人，登场片刻，便在无声无息中悄然退去，这是一个愚人所讲的故事，充满了喧哗和骚动，却一无所指。《麦克白》 爱情是情人的一滴眼泪.<<哈姆雷特>> 莎士比亚说过：“当你说“我爱你”的时候一定要很小声，千万不要让天上的神听到，因为他们会很嫉妒的。” Hamlet:To be, or not to be- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die- to sleep-No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die- to sleep.To sleep- perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of th' unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death-The undiscover'd country, from whose bournNo traveller returns- puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action. 哈: {自言自语}生存或毁灭, 这是个必答之问题:是否应默默的忍受坎苛命运之无情打击,还是应与深如大海之无涯苦难奋然为敌,并将其克服。此二抉择, 就竟是哪个较崇高? 死即睡眠, 它不过如此!倘若一眠能了结心灵之苦楚与肉体之百患,那么, 此结局是可盼的! 死去, 睡去...但在睡眠中可能有梦, 啊, 这就是个阻碍:当我们摆脱了此垂死之皮囊,在死之长眠中会有何梦来临?它令我们踌躇,使我们心甘情愿的承受长年之灾,否则谁肯容忍人间之百般折磨,如暴君之政、骄者之傲、失恋之痛、法章之慢、贪官之侮、或庸民之辱,假如他能简单的一刃了之?还有谁会肯去做牛做马, 终生疲於操劳,默默的忍受其苦其难, 而不远走高飞, 飘於渺茫之境,倘若他不是因恐惧身后之事而使他犹豫不前?此境乃无人知晓之邦, 自古无返者。---哈姆雷特经典台词(中英文） 1. 脆弱啊，你的名字是女人！ 2. To be or not to be，that's a question。（生存还是死亡，那是个问题。） 3. 放弃时间的人，时间也会放弃他。 4. 成功的骗子，不必再以说谎为生，因为被骗的人已经成为他的拥护者，我再说什么也是枉然。 5. 人们可支配自己的命运，若我们受制於人，那错不在命运，而在我们自己。 6 美满的爱情，使斗士紧绷的心情松弛下来。 7 太完美的爱情，伤心又伤身，身为江湖儿女，没那个闲工夫。 8 嫉妒的手足是谎言！ 9 上帝是公平的，掌握命运的人永远站在天平的两端，被命运掌握的人仅仅只明白上帝赐给他命运！ 10 一个骄傲的人，结果总是在骄傲里毁灭了自己。 11 爱是一种甜蜜的痛苦，真诚的爱情永不是一条平坦的道路的。 12 因为她生的美丽，所以被男人追求；因为她是女人，所以被男人俘获。 13 如果女性因为感情而嫉妒起来那是很可怕的。 14 不要只因一次挫败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。 15 女人不具备笑傲情场的条件。 16 我承认天底下再没有比爱情的责罚更痛苦的，也没有比服侍它更快乐的事了。 17 新的火焰可以把旧的火焰扑灭，大的苦痛可以使小的苦痛减轻。 18 聪明人变成了痴愚，是一条最容易上钩的游鱼；因为他凭恃才高学广，看不见自己的狂妄。 19 愚人的蠢事算不得稀奇，聪明人的蠢事才叫人笑痛肚皮；因为他用全副的本领，证明他自己愚笨。 20 外观往往和事物的本身完全不符，世人都容易为表面的装饰所欺骗。 21 黑暗无论怎样悠长，白昼总会到来。 22 勤劳一天，可得一日安眠；勤奋一生，可永远长眠。 23 女人是被爱的，不是被了解的。 24 金子啊，,你是多么神奇。你可以使老的变成少的，丑的变成美的，黑的变成白的，错的变成对的…… 25 目眩时更要旋转，自己痛不欲生的悲伤，以别人的悲伤，就能够治愈！ 26 爱情就像是生长在悬崖上的一朵花，想要摘就必需要有勇气。
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616), English poet, player and playwright, was baptized in the parish church of Stratford upon-Avon in Warwickshire on the 26th of April 1564. The exact date of his birth is not known. Two. 18th-century antiquaries, William Oldys and Joseph Greene, gave it as April 23, but without quoting authority for their statements, and the fact that April 23 was the day of Shakespeare's death in 1616 suggests a possible source of error. In any case his birthday cannot have been later than April 23, since the inscription upon his monument is evidence that on April 23, 1616, he had already begun his fifty-third year. His father, John Shakespeare, was a burgess of the recently constituted corporation of Stratford, and had already filled certain minor municipal offices. From 1561 to 1563 he had been one of the two chamberlains to whom the finance of the town was entrusted. By occupation he was a glover, but he also appears to have dealt from time to time in various kinds of agricultural produce, such as barley, timber and wool. Aubrey (Lives, 1680) spoke of him as a butcher, and it is quite possible that he bred and even killed the calves whose skins he manipulated. He is sometimes described in formal documents as a yeoman, and it is highly probable that he combined a certain amount of farming with the practice of his trade. He was living in Stratford as early as 1552, in which year he was fined for having a dunghill in Henley Street, but he does not appear to have been a native of the town, in whose records the name is not found before his time; and he may reasonably be identified with the John Shakespeare of Snitterfield, who administered the goods of his father, Richard Shakespeare, in 1561. Snitterfield is a village in the immediate neighbourhood of Stratford, and here Richard Shakespeare had been settled as a farmer since 1529. It is possible that John Shakespeare carried on the farm for some time after his father's death, and that by 1570 he had also acquired a small holding called Ingon in Hampton Lucy, the next village to Snitterfield. But both of these seem to have passed subsequently to his brother Henry, who was buried at Snitterfield in 1596. There was also at Snitterfield a Thomas Shakespeare and an Anthony Shakespeare, who afterwards moved to Hampton Corley; and these may have been of the same family. A John Shakespeare, who dwelt at Clifford Chambers, another village close to Stratford, is clearly distinct. Strenuous efforts have been made to trace Shakespeare's genealogy beyond Richard of Snitterfield, but so far without success. Certain drafts of heraldic exemplifications of the Shakespeare arms speak, in one case of John Shakespeare's grandfather, in another of his great-grandfather, as having been rewarded with lands and tenements in Warwickshire for service to Henry VII. No such grants, however, have been traced, and even in the 16th-century statements as to " antiquity and service " in heraldic preambles were looked upon with suspicion. The name Shakespeare is extremely widespread, and is spelt in an astonishing variety of ways. That of John Shakespeare occurs 166 times in the Council Book of the Stratford corporation, and appears to take 16 different forms. The verdict, not altogether unanimous, of competent palaeographers is to the effect that Shakespeare himself, in the extant examples of his signature, always wrote " Shakspere." In the printed signatures to the dedications of his poems, on the title-pages of nearly all the contemporary editions of his plays that bear his name, and in many formal documents it appears as Shakespeare. This may be in part due to the martial derivation which the poet's literary contemporaries were fond of assigning to his name, and which is acknowledged in the arms that he bore. The forms in use at Stratford, however, such as Shaxpeare, by far the commonest, suggest a short pronunciation of the first syllable, and thus tend to support Dr Henry Bradley's derivation from the Anglo-Saxon personal name, Seaxberht. It is interesting, and even amusing, to record that in 1487 Hugh Shakspere of Merton College, Oxford, changed his name to Sawndare, because his former name vile reputatum est. The earliest record of a Shakespeare that has yet been traced is in 12 4 8 at Clapton in Gloucestershire, about seven miles from Stratford. The name also occurs during the 13th century in Kent, Essex and Surrey, and during the 14th in Cumberland, Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Essex, Warwickshire and as far away as Youghal in Ireland. Thereafter it is found in London and most of the English counties, particularly those of the midlands; and nowhere more freely than in Warwickshire. There were Shakespeares in Warwick and in Coventry, as well as around Stratford; and the clan appears to have been very numerous in a group of villages about twelve miles north of Stratford, which includes Baddesley Clinton, Wroxall, Rowington, Haseley, Hatton, Lapworth, Packwood, Balsall and Knowle. William was in common use as a personal name, and Williams from more than one other family have from time to time been confounded with the dramatist. Many Shakespeares are upon the register of the gild of St Anne at Knowle from about 1457 to about 1526. Amongst these were Isabella Shakespeare, prioress of the Benedictine convent of Wroxall, and Jane Shakespeare, a nun of the same convent. Shakespeares are also found as tenants on the manors belonging to the convent, and at the time of the Dissolution in 1534 one Richard Shakespeare was its bailiff and collector of rents. Conjectural attempts have been made on the one hand to connect the ancestors of this Richard Shakespeare with a family of the same name who held land by military tenure at Baddesley Clinton in the 14th and 15th centuries, and on the other to identify him with the poet's grandfather, Richard Shakespeare of Snitterfield. But Shakespeares are to be traced at Wroxall nearly as far back as at Baddesley Clinton, and there is no reason to suppose that Richard the bailiff, who was certainly still a tenant of Wroxall in 1556, had also since 1529 been farming land ten miles off at Snitterfield. With the breaking of this link, the hope of giving Shakespeare anything more than a grandfather on the father's side must be laid aside for the present. On the mother's side he was connected with a family of some distinction. Part at least of Richard Shakespeare's land at Snitterfield was held from Robert Arden of Wilmcote in the adjoining parish of Aston Cantlow, a cadet of the Ardens of Parkhall, who counted amongst the leading gentry of Warwickshire. Robert Arden married his second wife, Agnes Hill, formerly Webbe, in 1548, and had then no less than eight daughters by his first wife. To the youngest of these, Mary Arden, he left in 1556 a freehold in Aston Cantlow consisting of a farm of about fifty or sixty acres in extent, known as Asbies. At some date later than November 1556, and probably before the end of 1557, Mary Arden became the wife of John Shakespeare. In October 1556 John Shakespeare had bought two freehold houses, one in Greenhill Street, the other in Henley Street. The latter, known as the wool shop, was the easternmost of the two tenements now combined in the so-called Shakespeare's birthplace. The western tenement, the birthplace proper, was probably already in John Shakespeare's hands, as he seems to have been living in Henley Street in 1552. It has sometimes been thought to have been one of two houses which formed a later purchase in 1575, but there is no evidence that these were in Henley Street at all. William Shakespeare was not the first child. A Joan was baptized in 1558 and a Margaret in 1562. The latter was buried in 1563 and the former must also have died young, although her burial is not recorded, as a second Joan was baptized in 1569. A Gilbert was baptized in 1566, an Anne in 1571, a Richard in 1 574 and an Edmund in 1580. Anne died in 1579; Edmund, who like his brother became an actor, in 2607; Richard in 1613. Tradition has it that one of Shakespeare's brothers used to visit London in the 17th century as quite an old man. If so, this can only have been Gilbert. During the years that followed his marriage, John Shakespeare became prominent in Stratford life. In 1565 he was chosen as an alderman, and in 1568 he held the chief municipal office, that of high bailiff. This carried with it the dignity of justice of the peace. John Shakespeare seems to have assumed arms, and thenceforward was always entered in corporation documents as " Mr " Shakespeare, whereby he may be distinguished from another John Shakespeare, a " corviser " or shoemaker, who dwelt in Stratford about 1584-1592. In 1571 as an ex-bailiff he began another year of office as chief alderman. One may think, therefore, of Shakespeare in his boyhood as the son of one of the leading citizens of a not unimportant. provincial market-town, with a vigorous life of its own, which in spite of the dunghills was probably not much unlike the life of a similar town to-day, and with constant reminders of its past in the shape of the stately buildings formerly belonging to its college and its gild, both of which had been suppressed at the Reformation. Stratford stands on the Avon, in the midst of an agricultural country, throughout which in those days enclosed orchards and meadows alternated with open fields for tillage, and not far from the wilder and wooded district known as the Forest of Arden. The middle ages had left it an heritage in the shape of a free grammar-school, and here it is natural to suppose that William Shakespeare obtained a sound enough education,' with a working knowledge of " Mantuan "2 and Ovid in the original, even though to such a thorough scholar as Ben Jonson it might seem no more than " small Latin and less Greek." In 1577, when Shakespeare was about thirteen, his father's fortunes began to take a turn for the worse. He became irregular in his contributions to town levies, and had to give a mortgage on his wife's property of Asbies as security for a loan from her brother-in-law, Edmund Lambert. Money was raised to pay this off, partly by the sale of a small interest in land at Snitterfield which had come to Mary Shakespeare from her sisters, partly perhaps by that of the Greenhill Street house and other property in Stratford outside Henley Street, none of which seems to have ever come into William Shakespeare's hands. Lambert, however, refused to surrender the mortgage on the plea of older debts, and an attempt to recover Asbies by litigation proved ineffectual. John Shakespeare's difficulties increased. An action for debt was sustained against him in the local court, but no personal property could be found on which to distrain. He had long ceased to attend the meetings of the corporation, and as a consequence he was removed in 1586 from the list of aldermen. In this state of domestic affairs it is not likely that Shakespeare's school life was unduly prolonged. The chances are that he was apprenticed to some local trade. Aubrey says that he killed calves for his father, and " would do it in a high style, and make a speech." Whatever his circumstances, they did not deter him at the early age of eighteen from the adventure of marriage. Rowe. recorded the name of Shakespeare's wife as Hathaway, and Joseph Greene succeeded in tracing her to a family of that name dwelling in Shottery, one of the hamlets of Stratford. Her monument gives her first name as Anne, and her age as sixty-seven in 1623. She must, therefore, have been about eight years older than Shakespeare. Various small trains of evidence point to her identification with the daughter Agnes mentioned in the will of a Richard Hathaway of Shottery, who died in 1581, being then in possession of the farm-house now known as " Anne Hathaway's Cottage." Agnes was legally a distinct name from Anne, but there can be no doubt that ordinary custom treated them as identical. The principal record of the It is worth noting that Walter Roche, who in 1558 became fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, was master of the school in 1570-1572, so that its standard must have been good.
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, a small country town. Stratford was famous for its malting. The black plague killed in 1564 one out of seven of the town's 1,500 inhabitants. Shakespeare was the eldest son of Mary Arden, the daughter of a local landowner, and her husband, John Shakespeare (c. 1530-1601), a glover and wood dealer. John Aubrey (1626-1697) tells in Brief Lives that Shakespeare's father was a butcher and the young William exercised his father's trade, "but when he kill'd a Calfe he would do it in a high style, and make a speech." In 1568 John Shakespeare was made a mayor of Stratford and a justice of peace. His wool business failed in the 1570s, and in 1580 he was fined �0�540, with other 140 men, for failing to find surety to keep the peace. There is not record that his fine was paid. Later the church commissioners reported of him and eight other men that they had failed to attend church "for fear of process for debt". The family's position was restored in the 1590s by earnings of William Shakespeare, and in 1596 he was awarded a coat of arms. Very little is known about Shakespeare early life, and his later works have inspired a number of interpretations. T.S. Eliot wrote that "I would suggest that none of the plays of Shakespeare has a "meaning," although it would be equally false to say that a play of Shakespeare is meaningless." (from Selected Essays, new edition, 1960). Shakespeare is assumed to have been educated at Stratford Grammar School, and he may have spent the years 1580-82 as a teacher for the Roman Catholic Houghton family in Lancashire. When Shakespeare was 15, a woman from a nearby village drowned in the Avon. Her death was ruled accidental but it may have been a suicide. Later in Hamlet Shakespeare left open the question whether Ophelia died accidentally or by her own hand. At the age of 18, Shakespeare married a local girl, Anne Hathaway (died 1623), who was eight years older. Their first child, Susannah, was born within six months, and twins Hamnet and Judith were born in 1585. Hamnet, Shakespeare's only son, died in 1596, at the age of 11. It has often been suggested, that the lines in King John, beginning with "Grief fills the room of my absent child", reflects Shakespeare's grief.
William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616)[a] was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.[1] He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".[2][b] His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays,[c] 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.[3] Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.[4] Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613.[5][d] His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. In 1623, two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now recognised as Shakespeare's. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry".[6] In the twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.
life's but a walking shadow,a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage,and then is heard no more; it is tale told by an idiot,full of sound and fury,signifying nothing. 人生不过是一个行走的影子，一个在舞台上指手划脚的笨拙的怜人，登场片刻，便在无声无息中悄然退去，这是一个愚人所讲的故事，充满了喧哗和骚动，却一无所指。《麦克白》 爱情是情人的一滴眼泪.<<哈姆雷特>> 莎士比亚说过：“当你说“我爱你”的时候一定要很小声，千万不要让天上的神听到，因为他们会很嫉妒的。” Hamlet:To be, or not to be- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die- to sleep-No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd. To die- to sleep.To sleep- perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of th' unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death-The undiscover'd country, from whose bournNo traveller returns- puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pith and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action. 哈: {自言自语}生存或毁灭, 这是个必答之问题:是否应默默的忍受坎苛命运之无情打击,还是应与深如大海之无涯苦难奋然为敌,并将其克服。此二抉择, 就竟是哪个较崇高? 死即睡眠, 它不过如此!倘若一眠能了结心灵之苦楚与肉体之百患,那么, 此结局是可盼的! 死去, 睡去...但在睡眠中可能有梦, 啊, 这就是个阻碍:当我们摆脱了此垂死之皮囊,在死之长眠中会有何梦来临?它令我们踌躇,使我们心甘情愿的承受长年之灾,否则谁肯容忍人间之百般折磨,如暴君之政、骄者之傲、失恋之痛、法章之慢、贪官之侮、或庸民之辱,假如他能简单的一刃了之?还有谁会肯去做牛做马, 终生疲於操劳,默默的忍受其苦其难, 而不远走高飞, 飘於渺茫之境,倘若他不是因恐惧身后之事而使他犹豫不前?此境乃无人知晓之邦, 自古无返者。---哈姆雷特经典台词(中英文） 1. 脆弱啊，你的名字是女人！ 2. To be or not to be，that's a question。（生存还是死亡，那是个问题。） 3. 放弃时间的人，时间也会放弃他。 4. 成功的骗子，不必再以说谎为生，因为被骗的人已经成为他的拥护者，我再说什么也是枉然。 5. 人们可支配自己的命运，若我们受制於人，那错不在命运，而在我们自己。 6 美满的爱情，使斗士紧绷的心情松弛下来。 7 太完美的爱情，伤心又伤身，身为江湖儿女，没那个闲工夫。 8 嫉妒的手足是谎言！ 9 上帝是公平的，掌握命运的人永远站在天平的两端，被命运掌握的人仅仅只明白上帝赐给他命运！ 10 一个骄傲的人，结果总是在骄傲里毁灭了自己。 11 爱是一种甜蜜的痛苦，真诚的爱情永不是一条平坦的道路的。 12 因为她生的美丽，所以被男人追求；因为她是女人，所以被男人俘获。 13 如果女性因为感情而嫉妒起来那是很可怕的。 14 不要只因一次挫败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。 15 女人不具备笑傲情场的条件。 16 我承认天底下再没有比爱情的责罚更痛苦的，也没有比服侍它更快乐的事了。 17 新的火焰可以把旧的火焰扑灭，大的苦痛可以使小的苦痛减轻。 18 聪明人变成了痴愚，是一条最容易上钩的游鱼；因为他凭恃才高学广，看不见自己的狂妄。 19 愚人的蠢事算不得稀奇，聪明人的蠢事才叫人笑痛肚皮；因为他用全副的本领，证明他自己愚笨。 20 外观往往和事物的本身完全不符，世人都容易为表面的装饰所欺骗。 21 黑暗无论怎样悠长，白昼总会到来。 22 勤劳一天，可得一日安眠；勤奋一生，可永远长眠。 23 女人是被爱的，不是被了解的。 24 金子啊，,你是多么神奇。你可以使老的变成少的，丑的变成美的，黑的变成白的，错的变成对的…… 25 目眩时更要旋转，自己痛不欲生的悲伤，以别人的悲伤，就能够治愈！ 26 爱情就像是生长在悬崖上的一朵花，想要摘就必需要有勇气。
请问谁知道莎士比亚作品的英文名?
悲剧 罗密欧与朱丽叶(Romeo and Juliet)麦克白(Macbeth)李尔王(King Lear)哈姆雷特(Hamlet)奥赛罗(Othello)安特斯·安庄尼克斯(Titus Andronicus)朱利阿斯·西撒(Julius Caesar)安东尼与克利欧佩特拉(Antony and Cleopatra)考利欧雷诺斯(Coriolanus)脱爱勒斯与克来西达(Troilus and Cressida)雅典的泰蒙(Timon of Athens)喜剧 错中错(The Comedy of Errors)皆大欢喜(All's Well That Ends Well)如愿(As You Like It)仲夏夜梦(A Midsummer Night's Dream)无事生非(Much Ado About Nothing)一报还一报(Measure for Measure)暴风雨(The Tempest)驯悍记(Taming of the Shrew)第十二夜(Twelfth Night or What You Will)威尼斯商人(The Merchant of Venice)温莎的风流夫人(The Merry Wives of Windsor)空爱一场(Love's Labour's Lost)维洛那二绅士(The Two Gentlemen of Verona)佩里克利斯(Pericles Prince of Tyre)辛伯林(Cymbeline)冬天的故事(The Winter's Tale)历史题材作品亨利四世，第一卷（Henry IV, part 1）亨利四世，第二卷（Henry IV, part 2）亨利五世（Henry V）亨利六世，第一卷（Henry VI, part 1）亨利六世，第二卷（Henry VI, part 2）亨利六世，第三卷（Henry VI, part 3）亨利八世（Henry VIII）约翰国王（King John）理乍得二世（Richard II）理乍得三世（Richard III）诗 十四行诗（The Sonnets）爱人的怨诉（A Lover's Complaint）鲁克丽丝失贞记（The Rape of Lucrece）维纳斯和阿多尼斯（Venus and Adonis）热情的朝圣者（The Passionate Pilgrim）凤凰和斑鸠（The Phoenix and the Turtle）
